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We are committed to realising harvest strategies for tuna fisheries, avoidance of illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing (IUU) products, improved tuna traceability and environmental sustainability, and progressing human rights in tuna fisheries.
An organisation with a strong purpose is one which inspires higher levels of trust and confidence among its Partners and stakeholders and is one which is more likely to grow sustainably. It is also more likely to be efficient, with strong accountability and a motivated team.
Therefore, this strategy, which launched in 2021, focuses on clearly articulating our vision in a way that lays out a common purpose which Partners and stakeholders can follow, and makes clear our ambition to achieve our objectives.
To do so, we focus our work under our three main strategic priorities: transparency & traceability, environmental sustainability and social responsibility.
GTA Partners can engage in the work programmes through two primary means: direct country engagement and supply chain improvements.
Direct country engagement consists of encouraging countries to ratify and implement legislation, through advocacy letters, meetings, or other means.
Encouraging supply chain improvements consists of lowering barriers which may prevent action by countries, for example improving in-country conditions or practices such as ensuring vessel operators are aware of information required by countries to properly apply international agreements and tools.
It also means understanding and evaluating supply chain risks.
In March 2021, the GTA, Friends of Ocean Action, and the World Economic Forum introduced the 2025 Pledge towards Sustainable Tuna (25PST), calling for signatories to commit to working towards a global tuna sector that meets the highest standards of environmental performance and social responsibility.
In early 2022, the GTA, Friends of Ocean Action, and the World Economic Forum agreed that we should cease 25PST as a standalone endeavour and instead brand our 5-year strategy solely as 25PST. The 25PST is a UN SDG ocean commitment.
Transparency is the first step towards ensuring sustainable sourcing of tuna and ethical supply chains.
Voluntary disclosure of performance is a powerful tool for driving change in global supply chains. Across sectors, there has been a shift towards increased transparency, which in turn increases accountability within supply chains, providing businesses with an additional incentive to achieve their performance goals. It also allows improved oversight of business practices by investors, consumers and the wider community.
Tuna is one of the most heavily traded commodities around the globe, often passing through many hands. This long and complex journey makes it difficult for product information to be recorded accurately, consistently, and shared openly through each step in the supply chain. For companies that buy and sell tuna, the lack of product origin information and supply chain transparency can pose significant risks.
The ability to track and verify information about the origin and journey of tuna products as they pass through the supply chain is called traceability. Traceability can be a tool to promote, operationalise, and verify transparency and businesses can use traceability as a tool to collect tuna product details and leverage this information to reduce the risk of illegal and unethical activities in their supply chains.
Tuna is one of the most popular seafoods in the world, traded and enjoyed all over the globe. With this demand comes increased pressure on tuna stocks and associated ecosystems.
Currently, most tuna stocks are at healthy levels, but there are significant variations along with insufficient management and oversight to ensure these populations remain productive and viable – economically and ecologically.
For tuna populations to thrive, the sector requires robust and coordinated management, effective enforcement, and reductions in catches of endangered, threatened, and protected (ETP) species.
Human rights abuses in the seafood supply chain have become an increasing area of industry focus with media reports exposing exploitative labour practices, including modern slavery and human trafficking. Labour abuses can happen along the supply chain from recruitment through to processing and distribution. Forced labour is a particular concern where vessels and their crews operate on the high seas, beyond the reach of enforcement agencies.
Crew members can have limited or no safe access to communication methods, effective grievance mechanisms and access to remedy, even those which are usually provided through legislation in the national jurisdictions that do not apply on the high seas.
In addition to at-sea issues, recruitment practices can also put workers at risk. For example, where workers pay excessive recruitment fees as a condition of obtaining employment, they can be subject to debt bondage.
This, and the recruitment of workers using coercive behaviour, or based on mis-information about the job on offer, such as pay and working conditions, are indicators of modern slavery. Responsible recruitment practices will address these risks for fishers.
Also, international migrants may be isolated not only physically at sea, but by language and culture. Social isolation and an absence of effective grievance mechanisms can leave workers exposed to abuse. Where retention of personal documents such as passports and visas occur, workers can find themselves in forced labour situations, unable to speak out or walk away from abusive conditions for fear of ending up in an undocumented status.
A real point of difference for the GTA is the comprehensive annual tracking of our Partners’ progress. We know that in business, facts and figures matter, so GTA Partners take part in extensive and thorough tracking allowing us to analyse effectiveness and performance year on year, and measure the success of the five-year strategy.
In 2022, the GTA published its first progress report, collating the results of a self-completed, anonymous questionnaire by partners, carried out at the end of 2021. This survey tested Partners’ progress towards our three strategic objectives against a set of measurable KPIs.
Similar self-completed surveys will be carried out in 2022 and 2023.
Work Programme | Programme Aim | UN Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) | Outputs | Outcomes | GTA KPIs |
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Global Dialogue on Seafood Traceability (GDST) | Ensure effective traceability (tracking tuna products from vessel to the final buyer), which underpins sustainability efforts as it creates transparency and accountability within the supply chain. | Transparency is overarching |
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100% Observer Coverage | 100% observer coverage (human and/or electronic) is required in industrial tuna fisheries, including all those engaged in at sea transshipment, by 2024. | SDG14 Target 4 |
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Electronic Monitoring (EM) | Where lacking, tuna RFMOs adopt minimum standards for Electronic Monitoring (EM) data, and a work plan with milestones and deadlines for the implementation of best practice EM and e-reporting, with necessary mechanisms to ensure compliance. | SDG14 Target 4 | |||
Port State Measures Agreement (PSMA) Advocacy | Ratification and effective implementation of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Agreement on Port State Measures (PSMA) | SDG14 Target 4 |
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Transshipment Regulations |
At-sea transshipment of catch between vessels plays a large and important role in the global tuna fishing industry though regulatory controls and monitoring are inadequate. Core best practices must be met before at-sea transshipment can be considered to be well-managed, well-monitored and transparent. | SDG14 Target 4 |
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Public tracking of fishing vessels and carrier vessels |
The public data can identify vessels and support analysis as to whether the vessel is compliant with relevant regulations or not. Information obtained from Vessel Monitoring System (VMS) or Automatic Identification System (AIS) data can be used by Global Fishing Watch (GFW) to analyse vessel compliance with relevant fisheries regulations (outlined by the flag State or regional fisheries management organisation) to a high degree of certainty. | SDG14 Target 4 |
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Support the publication of Authorised Vessel lists | Authorised Vessel lists can indicate the level of compliance to relevant authorities, meaning that compliant fishers can be identified and rewarded by accelerated port entry for the landing of fish. Non-compliant vessels immediately stand out due to the absence of information and are prioritised for inspection when seeking to land fish. | SDG14 Target 4 |
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Support Unique Vessel Identification/Global Record of Fishing Vessels | Unique vessel identifiers (UVIs) such as International Maritime Organization (IMO) numbers help to improve maritime safety and security and to reduce illegal activities. An IMO number remains linked to a fishing vessel’s hull for its lifetime, regardless of a change in name, flag, or owner — preventing easy changes to identity and allowing fishing activities to be tracked across oceans and over time. Vessels 12 m in length and above leaving national waters, and all vessels 100 gross tonnes and above, regardless of where they operate, are eligible to obtain an IMO number. All major Tuna RFMO mandate the use of IMO numbers but implementation is lagging. IMO numbers are free to obtain via IHS Maritime. |
SDG14 Target 4 |
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Work Programme | Programme Aim | UN Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) | Outputs | Outcomes | KPIs |
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Sourcing Policy | Tuna products are sourced from fisheries that employ science-based management plans and measures to ensure that impacts of fisheries on the environment are acceptable or are on a pathway to sustainability. | SDG14 Target b, 2, 4 |
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Harvest Strategies | Tuna RFMOs to accelerate action on comprehensive, precautionary Harvest Strategies to be implemented simultaneously with the development of precautionary Reference Points and Harvest Control Rules | SDG14 Target 2, 4 |
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FAD Management | Tuna RFMOs should adopt the measures identified in the GTA’s position on better FAD Management. | SDG14 Target 2, 4 |
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Fins Naturally Attached (FNA) advocacy and policies | Tuna RFMOs to adopt a Fins Naturally Attached policy for sharks. | SDG14 Target 2 |
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Ending Harmful Subsidies | End harmful subsidies that encourage overfishing and exploitation. | SDG14 Target 6 |
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Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ) | To complement and strengthen the existing high seas governance framework by filling geographic, legal and taxonomic gaps; with a particular focus on spatial management and the ecosystem-impacts of commercial fishing. | SDG14 |
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